PinToo之藍芽控制LED燈

• 文件號：P-EL-DEM-2019

1. 說明

  範例採用藍芽通訊協議，通過HC-06藍芽模組控制駁接在Arduino上的LED燈。HC-06採用BC417143晶片，支援藍芽2.1+EDR標準，HC-06的主控端或者從端模式是在出廠前就設定好的不能更改，通常能夠買到的HC-06均為從端模式。

  藍芽裝置HC-06通過杜邦線，將VCC介面連線至Arduino 5V針腳，GND介面連線Arduino的GND，藍芽TXD介面連線Arduino 10號針腳，藍芽RXD連線Arduino 11號針腳。LED燈的正極（長腳）連線電阻再連線到Arduino的8號針腳，LED的負極連線到Arduino的GND針腳。

  在硬體連線完成後，將Arduino連線電源，需要先將手機端與HC-06的藍芽配對，打開手機端的藍芽選項，可搜索到HC-06字樣的藍芽設備，預設的配對PIN碼為1234。範例使用的Arduino程式使用到的藍芽設備庫的地址：http://drho.club/2018/06/arduino-bluetooth-mobile-phone01/ (opens new window)，下載該庫檔案並將其新增至Arduino程式庫。

  通過範例學習，可以掌握藍芽的基本通訊原理，並結合Arduino開發板進行LED燈的控制功能。

2. 零件連線圖

3. 使用零件

序	零件名稱	數量
1	Arduino UNO R3 開發板	1
2	HC-06藍芽模組或HC-05藍芽模組	1
3	USB數據線	1
4	麵包板	1
5	杜邦線	6
6	LED燈	1
7	220歐姆電阻	1

4. Arduino流程圖

5. Arduino程式

  使用Arduino IDE 編譯並上傳以下Arduino程式。

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <Wire.h>
//http://drho.club/2018/06/arduino-bluetooth-mobile-phone01/ 

int LED = 8;//定義LED的引腳
SoftwareSerial BT(10,11); //定義藍芽模組 TXD、RXD 對應 arduino 的引腳
 
void setup() {
  BT.begin(9600);
  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);    
}
 
void loop() {
  byte cmd[20];
  int strsize;
  while(true){
    if ((strsize=(BT.available()))>0){
      for (int i=0; i<strsize; i++){
        cmd[i]=char(BT.read());
      }
    }
    if (cmd[0]=='1') {
      digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);//亮燈
    } else {
      digitalWrite(LED, LOW);//滅燈
    }
  } 
}

6. 設計明細

  開啟PinToo設計器，分別加入下插圖之控制元件。或者點選左上角的[打開模板Lib檔案]選擇模板檔案來打開對應模板。

  ①：TfxBluetooth元件，控制元件名稱為fxBluetooth1。

  ②：TfxSuperButton元件，控制元件名稱為fxSuperButtonPaired。

  ③：TfxLabel元件，控制元件名稱為fxLabelMsg。

  ④：TfxSwitchButton元件，控制元件名稱為fxSwitchButton2。

  ⑤：TfxSwitchButton元件，控制元件名稱為fxSwitchButton1。

  ⑥：TfxSuperButton元件，控制元件名稱為fxSuperButtonServices。

• fxRunFrame屬性設定

  • Height：設定頁面高度=800。
  • Width：設定頁面寬度=401。

• ComboBoxPaired屬性設定

  • Name：設定控制元件名稱，設定為ComboBoxPaired。
  • Visible：設定是是否可見，設定為False。

• ComboBoxServices屬性設定

  • Name：設定控制元件名稱，設定為ComboBoxServices。
  • Visible：設定是是否可見，設定為False。

• ②fxSuperButtonPaired屬性設定

  • Height：設定控制元件高度=40。
  • Width：設定控制元件寬度=40。
  • ButtonType：設定按鈕型別，設定為TfxSvgButton。
  • Name：設定控制元件名稱=fxSuperButtonPaired。
  • ButtonType.SvgData：設定SVG數據，其數據內容如下。

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• ③fxLabelMsg屬性設定

  • Height：設定控制元件高度=30。
  • Width：設定控制元件寬度=290。
  • Text：設定標籤文字=請選擇配對設備。
  • Name：設定控制元件名稱=fxLabelMsg。
  • TextSettings.Font：設定字型大小及顏色。Size=18，Style中將fsBold勾選。使用該屬性需將StyledSettings中的所有設定為True的選項的勾去除。

• ④fxSwitchButton2屬性設定

  • Height：設定控制元件高度=200。
  • Width：設定控制元件寬度=200。
  • HitTest：是否響應點選操作，設定為False。
  • SwitchOffBmp：設定開關狀態為關時顯示的影象，雙擊該屬性或者點選屬性右側的[...]打開影象編輯器。點選[Load...]打開資源管理器，選擇所需的圖片後點擊[打開]，選擇的影象會顯示在預覽框中。可在該頁面下進行裁切或者縮放畫素以使影象與控制元件的寬度高度相適應，修改完成後點選[OK]按鈕完成影象修改。

  

  • SwitchOnBmp：設定開關狀態為開時顯示的影象，雙擊該屬性或者點選屬性右側的[...]打開影象編輯器。點選[Load...]打開資源管理器，選擇所需的圖片後點擊[打開]，選擇的影象會顯示在預覽框中。可在該頁面下進行裁切或者縮放畫素以使影象與控制元件的寬度高度相適應，修改完成後點選[OK]按鈕完成影象修改。

  

• ⑤fxSwitchButton1屬性設定

  • Height：設定控制元件高度=200。
  • Width：設定控制元件寬度=200。
  • SwitchOffBmp：設定開關狀態為關時顯示的影象，雙擊該屬性或者點選屬性右側的[...]打開影象編輯器。點選[Load...]打開資源管理器，選擇所需的圖片後點擊[打開]，選擇的影象會顯示在預覽框中。可在該頁面下進行裁切或者縮放畫素以使影象與控制元件的寬度高度相適應，修改完成後點選[OK]按鈕完成影象修改。

  

  • SwitchOnBmp：設定開關狀態為開時顯示的影象，雙擊該屬性或者點選屬性右側的[...]打開影象編輯器。點選[Load...]打開資源管理器，選擇所需的圖片後點擊[打開]，選擇的影象會顯示在預覽框中。可在該頁面下進行裁切或者縮放畫素以使影象與控制元件的寬度高度相適應，修改完成後點選[OK]按鈕完成影象修改。

  

• ⑥fxSuperButtonServices屬性設定

  • Height：設定控制元件高度=40。
  • Width：設定控制元件寬度=40。
  • ButtonType：設定按鈕型別，設定為TfxSvgButton。
  • Name：設定控制元件名稱=fxSuperButtonServices。
  • ButtonType.SvgData：設定SVG數據，其數據內容如下。

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7. 程式設計

  點選程式設計界面右下角的按鈕，切換至單元選擇界面，勾選需要使用的單元。該程式需要引用 Bluetooth、BluetoothComponents、ufxBluetooth 單元。

7.1. 程式初始設定

  在程式關閉前釋放藍芽連線。

Procedure fxRunFrameBeforeClose(Sender: TObject);
//關閉窗體前關閉藍芽連線
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.CloseServerSocket;
  fxBluetooth1.FreeClientSocket;
End;

7.2. 事件設定

• ②fxSuperButtonPaired-OnClick事件   點選按鈕載入藍芽配對列表並顯示。

Procedure fxSuperButtonPairedOnClick(Sender: TObject);
//載入已經配對藍芽列表
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.PairedDevices;
  if fxBluetooth1.BTPaireds.Text = '' Then
  begin
    fxLabelMsg.Text := '請檢查藍芽是否配對';
    Exit;
  End;
  ComboBoxPaired.Items := fxBluetooth1.BTPaireds;
  ComboboxPaired.DropDown;
End;

• ComboBoxPaired-OnChange事件

  當切換配對設備時更新。

Procedure ComboBoxPairedOnChange(Sender: TObject);
//切換配對設備
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.PairedDevice := ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
  fxLabelMsg.Text := '已選擇設備' + ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
End;

• ⑥fxSuperButtonServices-OnClick事件

  點選按鈕，載入藍芽服務列表。

Procedure fxSuperButtonServicesOnClick(Sender: TObject);
//載入藍芽服務列表
begin
  fxBluetooth1.Services;
  ComboBoxServices.Items := fxBluetooth1.BTServices;
  ComboBoxServices.DropDown;
End;

• ComboBoxServices-OnChange事件

  當切換藍芽服務時更新。

Procedure ComboBoxServicesOnChange(Sender: TObject);
//更改服務
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.ServiceUUID := ComboBoxServices.Items[ComboBoxServices.ItemIndex];
  fxBluetooth1.CreateServerSocket;
  fxLabelMsg.Text := '設備已連線，已連線藍芽服務';
End;

• ⑤fxSwitchButton1-OnClick事件

  當點選開關按鈕時發送開關訊號實現開關操作。

Procedure fxSwitchButton1OnSwitch(Sender: TObject);
//開啟、關閉LED
Begin
  if fxSwitchButton1.IsChecked Then
  //開啟LED燈
  begin
    fxBluetooth1.SendData('1'); //發送 1 字元，打開LED
    fxSwitchButton2.IsChecked := fxSwitchButton1.IsChecked;
    fxRDToastMessage1.ShowToastMessage('LED燈已開啟',2.0,100);
  End
  else
  Begin
    fxBluetooth1.SendData('0'); //發送 0 字元，關閉LED
    fxSwitchButton2.IsChecked := fxSwitchButton1.IsChecked;
    fxRDToastMessage1.ShowToastMessage('LED燈已關閉',2.0,100);
  End;
End;

8. 運行結果

  使用滑鼠在 PinToo 功能表，點選[儲存至資料庫]按鈕，將其儲存至資料庫，點選[除錯運行]確認能夠正常打開。

  通過同步中心，將程式上傳至手機PinToo運行；同步時，請確保手機已經運行PinToo，並且已經登陸。

  點選藍芽配對按鈕，在下拉選單中選擇已配對的藍芽設備，然後點選藍芽服務按鈕，在下拉選單中選擇藍芽服務，等待一段時間后連線建立，點選下方的開關按鈕可對應控制燈的亮滅。