藍芽讀取溫濕度
# PinToo之藍芽讀取溫濕度
# 1. 說明
範例採用藍芽通訊協議，讀取駁接在Arduino上的溫濕度感測器的數據。HC-06採用BC417143晶片，支援藍芽2.1+EDR標準，HC-06的主控端或者從端模式是在出廠前就設定好的不能更改，通常能夠買到的HC-06均為從端模式。
藍芽設備(HC-06)通過杜邦線，將藍芽VCC介面接至Arduino的5V針腳，藍芽的GND介面接至Arduino GND針腳，藍芽RXD接至Arduino 10號針腳，藍芽TXD接至Arduino 11號針腳。
溫濕度感測器DHT22，負極接至Arduino GND針腳，正極接至Arduino 5V針腳，訊號線連線Arduino 的D8針腳。
在硬體連線完成後，將Arduino連線電源，需要先將手機端與HC-06的藍芽配對，打開藍芽選項，可搜索到HC-06字樣的藍芽設備，預設的配對PIN碼為1234。範例使用的Arduino程式使用到的藍芽設備庫的地址：http://drho.club/2018/06/arduino-bluetooth-mobile-phone01/ (opens new window)，下載該庫檔案並將其新增至Arduino程式庫。
通過範例學習，可以掌握藍芽的基本通訊原理，並結合arduino開發板實現溫濕度模組的數據採集功能。
# 2. 零件連線圖
# 3. 使用零件
| 序 | 零件名稱 | 數量 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arduino UNO R3 開發板 | 1 |
| 2 | HC-06藍芽模組或HC-05藍芽模組 | 1 |
| 3 | DHT22溫濕度模組 | 1 |
| 4 | USB數據線 | 1 |
| 5 | 麵包板 | 1 |
| 6 | 杜邦線 | 若干 |
# 4. Arduino流程圖
# 5. Arduino程式
使用Arduino IDE 編譯並上傳以下Arduino程式。
// 使用溫濕度感測器之鏈接庫 https://github.com/adafruit/DHT-sensor-library
// http://drho.club/2018/06/arduino-bluetooth-read-sensor-value/
// https://home.gamer.com.tw/creationDetail.php?sn=3671289
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <DHT.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#define dhtPin 8 //讀取DHT22 Data
#define dhtType DHT22 //選用DHT22
DHT dht(dhtPin, dhtType); // Initialize DHT sensor
SoftwareSerial BT(10,11);
void setup() {
BT.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600); //設定鮑率9600
dht.begin();//啟動DHT
}
void loop() {
byte cmd[20];
int strsize;
while(true){
if ((strsize=(BT.available()))>0){
for (int i=0; i<strsize; i++){
cmd[i]=char(BT.read());
}
Serial.println(cmd[0]);
}
if (cmd[0]=='R') {
float h = dht.readHumidity(); //讀取濕度
float t = dht.readTemperature(); //讀取攝氏溫度
char hum_buf[10], tem_buf[10];
if (!isnan(h) && !isnan(t)) {
dtostrf(h, 3, 2, hum_buf);
dtostrf(t, 3, 2, tem_buf);
Serial.print("濕度: ");
Serial.print(h);
Serial.print("%\t");
Serial.print("攝氏溫度: ");
Serial.print(t);
Serial.print("*C\n");
//BT.write('s');
for(int i=0; i<5; i++) {
BT.write(hum_buf[i]);
}
//BT.write('w');
for(int i=0; i<5; i++) {
BT.write(tem_buf[i]);
}
}
else {
Serial.println("無法從DHT感測器讀取！");
return;
}
}
delay(2000);//延時2秒
}
}
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# 6. 設計明細
開啟PinToo設計器，分別加入下插圖之控制元件。或者點選左上角的[打開模板Lib檔案]選擇模板檔案來打開對應模板。
①：TfxSuperButton元件，控制元件名此為fxSuperButtonPaired。
②：TfxWidgetLCDLabel元件，控制元件名稱為fxWidgetLCDLabel1。
③：TfxWidgetLCDLabel元件，控制元件名稱為fxWidgetLCDLabel2。
④：TfxBluetooth元件，控制元件名稱為fxBluetooth1。
⑤：TfxLabel元件，控制元件名稱為fxLabelMsg。
⑥：TfxSuperButton元件，控制元件名稱為fxSuperButtonServices。
⑦：TfxSwitch元件，控制元件名稱為fxSwitch。
fxRunFrame屬性設定
Height：設定頁面高度=800。Width：設定頁面寬度=400。
fxTimer1屬性設定
Interval：設定計時器觸發的時間間隔，單位為ms，設定為5000。Enabled：設定是否啟用，設定為False。
ComboBoxPaired屬性設定
Name：設定控制元件名稱，設定為ComboBoxPaired。Visible：設定是是否可見，設定為False。
ComboBoxServices屬性設定
Name：設定控制元件名稱，設定為ComboBoxServices。Visible：設定是是否可見，設定為False。
①fxSuperButtonPaired屬性設定
Height：設定控制元件高度=40。Width：設定控制元件寬度=40。ButtonType：設定按鈕型別，設定為TfxSvgButton。Name：設定控制元件名稱=fxSuperButtonPaired。ButtonType.SvgData：設定SVG數據，其數據內容如下。
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Height：設定控制元件高度=95。Width：設定控制元件寬度=285。Color：設定背景顏色=Black。
③fxWidgetLCDLabel2屬性設定
Height：設定控制元件高度=95。Width：設定控制元件寬度=285。Color：設定背景顏色=Black。
⑤fxLabelMsg屬性設定
Height：設定控制元件高度=30。Width：設定控制元件寬度=290。Text：設定標籤文字=請選擇配對設備。Name：設定控制元件名稱=fxLabelMsg。TextSettings.Font：設定字型大小及顏色。Size=18，Style中將fsBold勾選。使用該屬性需將StyledSettings中的所有設定為True的選項的勾去除。
⑥fxSuperButtonServices屬性設定
Height：設定控制元件高度=40。Width：設定控制元件寬度=40。ButtonType：設定按鈕型別，設定為TfxSvgButton。Name：設定控制元件名稱=fxSuperButtonServices。ButtonType.SvgData：設定SVG數據，其數據內容如下。
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# 7. 程式設計
點選程式設計界面右下角的按鈕，切換至單元選擇界面，勾選需要使用的單元。該程式需要引用 BlueTooth,BlueToothComponents,ufxBlueTooth單元。
# 7.1. 程式初始設定
在程式啟動時，修改數值顯示區的外觀。
Begin
fxWidgetLCDLabel1.Caption.FillOff.Color := NULL;
fxWidgetLCDLabel2.Caption.FillOff.Color := NULL;
fxWidgetLCDLabel1.Caption.Format := '000.00';
fxWidgetLCDLabel2.Caption.Format := '000.00';
End.
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在程式關閉前釋放藍芽連線。
Procedure fxRunFrameBeforeClose(Sender: TObject);
//關閉窗體前關閉藍芽連線
Begin
fxBluetooth1.CloseServerSocket;
fxBluetooth1.FreeClientSocket;
End;
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# 7.2. 事件設定
- ①fxSuperButtonPaired-OnClick事件 點選按鈕載入藍芽配對列表並顯示。
Procedure fxSuperButtonPairedOnClick(Sender: TObject);
//載入已經配對藍芽列表
Begin
fxBluetooth1.PairedDevices;
if fxBluetooth1.BTPaireds.Text = '' Then
begin
fxLabelMsg.Text := '請檢查藍芽是否配對';
Exit;
End;
ComboBoxPaired.Items := fxBluetooth1.BTPaireds;
ComboboxPaired.DropDown;
End;
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- ComboBoxPaired-OnChange事件
當切換配對設備時更新。
Procedure ComboBoxPairedOnChange(Sender: TObject);
//切換配對設備
Begin
fxBluetooth1.PairedDevice := ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
fxLabelMsg.Text := '已選擇設備' + ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
End;
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- ⑥fxSuperButtonServices-OnClick事件
點選按鈕，載入藍芽服務列表。
Procedure fxSuperButtonServicesOnClick(Sender: TObject);
//載入藍芽服務列表
begin
fxBluetooth1.Services;
ComboBoxServices.Items := fxBluetooth1.BTServices;
ComboBoxServices.DropDown;
End;
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- ComboBoxServices-OnChange事件
當切換藍芽服務時更新。
Procedure ComboBoxServicesOnChange(Sender: TObject);
//更改服務
Begin
fxBluetooth1.ServiceUUID := ComboBoxServices.Items[ComboBoxServices.ItemIndex];
fxBluetooth1.CreateServerSocket;
fxLabelMsg.Text := '設備已連線，已載入藍芽服務';
End;
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- ⑦fxSwitch-OnSwitch事件
點選以開啟或者關閉溫濕度的讀取。
Procedure fxSwitchOnSwitch(Sender: TObject);
//開啟關閉溫濕度計讀取
Begin
fxTimer1.Enabled := fxSwitch.IsChecked;
End;
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- fxTimer1-OnTimer事件
定時發送讀取數據的請求。
Procedure fxTimer1OnTimer(Sender: TObject);
begin
fxBluetooth1.SendData('R');//發送讀取溫濕度的命令
fxBluetooth1.ReadData;
End;
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- ④fxBluetooth1-OnReceiveData事件
在接收到數據后解析並顯示對應的溫濕度。
Procedure fxBluetooth1OnReceiveData(Sender: TObject; ServiceName: string; ServiceUUID: string; ReceiveData: string);
//將獲取到的數據顯示在界面上
var
FData: String;
Begin
FData := Trim(ReceiveData);
if FData <> '' Then
begin
if length(FData)=10 Then
begin
fxWidgetLCDLabel1.Caption.Value := StrToFloat(Copy(FData,6,4)); //溫度
fxWidgetLCDLabel2.Caption.Value := StrToFloat(Copy(FData,1,5)); //濕度
End
else
begin
//fxLabelMsg.Text := '返回數據:'+FData;
End;
end
else
begin
//fxLabelMsg.Text := '返回數據:無數據！';
end
End;
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# 8. 運行結果
使用滑鼠在 PinToo 功能表，點選[儲存至資料庫]按鈕，將其儲存至資料庫，點選[除錯運行]確認能夠正常打開。
通過同步中心，將程式上傳至手機PinToo運行；同步時，請確保手機已經運行PinToo，並且已經登陸。
點選藍芽配對按鈕，在下拉選單中選擇已配對的藍芽設備，然後點選藍芽服務按鈕，在下拉選單中選擇藍芽服務，等待一段時間后連線建立，點選打開溫濕度計，每隔五秒重新整理溫濕度數據。